PHIL 3160 – Philosophy of Happiness

What is it, how can we best pursue it, why should we? Supporting the study of these and related questions at Middle Tennessee State University and beyond. "Examining the concept of human happiness and its application in everyday living as discussed since antiquity by philosophers, psychologists, writers, spiritual leaders, and contributors to pop culture."

Up@dawn 2.0

Wednesday, December 3, 2025

Four Thousand Weeks - Jacob Rampey

         “I happen to be alive, and there’s no cosmic law entitling me to that status.” These words were expressed by the writer David Cain after a shooting occurred at a place in Toronto he had recently visited. While there is truth to Cain’s words, many of us feel and live as if we are indeed entitled to that law, and it should be obeyed at all costs. In reality, time and the universe as we know it will neither slow nor wait for anyone; so we are left to cope with the finitude that defines human beings. I know, realizing that you may not be able to complete every single task you have ever set out to do is a tad depressing, but there can also be a certain freedom that realization brings. Once you realize you won’t complete every task you set out to do, you can begin to focus on the ones that really matter. For this blog post, I will focus mainly on Chapter 3, although my presentation covered Chapters 3-6. 


        To provide some context, I will briefly touch on the philosopher Martin Heidegger. After looking past the Nazi-card-bearding aspect of his personality, Heidegger provided some strange concepts, namely “de-severance” and “being-towards-death”. Although his work was at times difficult to read and even understand, he proposed a unique idea in Being and Time that most other philosophers had not: the fact that things exist

        What I mean by this is that while other philosophers were more focused on why or how things came to be, Heidegger was amazed by the fact that any of this, including us, simply exists. The very fact that we exist means that our existence is largely, if not completely, defined by time. Even if we choose to ignore time or try to master what little of it we have, we are already brought into this existence at the mercy of it. The fact that we also cannot predict certain events in our timeline brings about more anxiety; big decisions can change our lives and their trajectories, death is inevitable yet unpredictable, and there is almost always something “better” that we could be doing with our time.


        While Heidegger’s concepts may seem jarring and pessimistic, he argues that accepting this finitude is the only way to live an authentic life. While an acceptance of this finitude may help some of us cope with our limited existence, others may find solace in the fact that “this is it”, and that their choices matter now and “forever” and should not be kept for a day that may never come.

        You may have thought at some point, “Well, I sure do have limited time here as a human being, but what about others who believe in life after death and spiritual rebirth?” While we cannot confirm their true destination, Martin Hägglund proposes an idea that  “if you really thought life would never end, then nothing could ever genuinely matter, because you’d never be faced with having to decide whether or not to use a portion of your precious life on something.”  This may seem like a jab at those who are religious, but that is simply not the truth. Hägglund simply tries to put into perspective the idea of memories and their finitude as well. For if one were to visit the same place and the same people for eternity, would those people and places still hold the same value? Personally, I would want to believe in eternal life, but I can’t help but wonder if I would ever consciously be bored with living it. I’m sure, in a state of health and joy, that I wouldn’t notice it much. However, “absence makes the heart grow fonder,” and being alive, I am able to testify to that. I have already experienced loss and will continue to until I lose myself. The memories I have shared with those whose time is up are all that remains, and I am happy that I was able to spend such fleeting moments with them.

        Now, I can understand that a life of stumbling about what proper decisions to make can be quite a worrying one, but there can still be some positivity in it. Since we have established that it is quite amazing that we exist in the first place, these decisions are no longer daunting; they are exciting to make. Having opportunities like marrying a partner, buying a home, taking care of a pet, graduating from college, and getting a wonderful job can be nerve-wracking events. But through the perspective of “borrowed time”, if you will, then it is marvelous that they are within reach! I simply exist alongside my objectives, and I can achieve them!


        Some of these decisions in this lifetime will require large portions of your time, meaning that they will effectively rule out other choices in the process. This could be referred to as settling, although I aim to portray it in a less negative light. Instead, think of it as a means of consistency and confident decision-making. For instance, if someone were to get married, they would be settling for their current partner instead of potentially finding many more partners, better or worse. This can actually lead to less worry about some of those time-consuming decisions, since now the choice has been made to spend the rest of their time with just one person. The same concept applies when considering a home; buying a house means you are settling in to live in an area for quite some time, rather than an apartment that you may vacate a year or two down the road. In many ways, settling may seem like a narrowing of choices, and that isn’t far from the truth. It can provide a sense of confidence and consistency among many different decisions that otherwise remain unanswered, and I personally crave some form of routine to keep me sane. After all, the “joy of missing out” certainly sounds like more fun than the “fear of missing out”.

        All in all, it can be tough, even painful, to realize the finitude that faces us human beings. However, this finitude does not have to weigh us down throughout this life. Make good decisions, do what makes you happy and feels deserving of your time, and don’t be afraid to settle and make important decisions. After all, as Douglas Harding once said, “It’s the very last thing, isn’t it, we feel grateful for: having happened. You know, you needn’t have happened. You needn’t have happened. But you did happen.”

In response to Sophie's pooch pics, and Amanda's cartoon

 

 

That's Angel (no longer with us, except in spirit) next to a sign at Brook Hollow Baptist Church that says: "Regular walking can strengthen your heart and improve your general health. Walk and enjoy yourself as you enhance the quality of your life." And so we have, my pooch pals and me, in this neighborhood since '96.



Nell and Pita, members of our family since '18


Zeus (not immortal, but enduring in memory)

You are it

Why does the quality of our relationships matter to our happiness? Simply because we just are their sum. It is us. You are it.
...Understanding our interconnectedness isn’t about solving a philosophical puzzle. It’s about transforming how we experience being alive. It’s an invitation to feel less isolated, less defended, more open to the wonder of existence itself. It’s permission to release some of the enormous burden of imagining ourselves as separate, vulnerable entities struggling alone.

The fabric of being includes you completely. It always has. You’re not separate from it, trying to survive in a hostile universe. You are it, expressing itself in this particular form, in this particular moment. And recognizing this truth, even glimpsing it briefly, can be the beginning of genuine freedom. 

It, you, us... the ultimate world wide web. 


 

Amanda Burbage

 Why Trying to Get Everything Done is Making Us Miserable

If there’s one universal feeling shared among college students (and honestly, adults in general), it’s the constant sense that we’re running out of time. No matter how many productivity hacks we try, the to-do list never gets any shorter. In fact, it seems that the harder we try to optimize all these tasks, the more they seem to pile up. Reading Oliver Burkeman’s chapter “The Efficiency Trap” in Four Thousand Weeks made me realize something I’d always felt but was never able to fully articulate: our obsession with efficiency isn’t actually helping us at all and is instead quietly making our lives worse.

Burkeman’s argument is simple. Every time we become more efficient at an activity, our expectations for our future performance rise right along with our new abilities. Instead of freeing up our schedules with this saved time, we just create more space for new tasks. If you’re like me, this might make you feel a little uncomfortable. No one wants to be told that all their effort is going to waste and they’re not actually accomplishing everything that they think they are. I went into this chapter pretty skeptical, but Burkeman’s argument is definitely worth hearing out because what you learn might surprise you.

The Productivity Paradox

We live in a culture that equates productivity with virtue. If you’re not constantly doing something useful (or at least pretending to be), you’re made to feel guilty. Much-needed rest starts to feel like procrastination, and free time starts to feel like wasted time. Burkeman uses the email example to demonstrate this. Maybe you set aside some time in your day to sit down and go through all of your emails, reading and replying to each and every message. Once you reach the end of the list, you feel proud of yourself for finally getting through it all. But the second you empty out your inbox, you get another email, and then another and another, and sooner or later it looks like you never accomplished anything. Cleaning out your inbox won’t bring you lasting peace, because all it does it create more space for more emails to pile up.

Burkeman argues that this is the heart of the efficiency trap: the faster you work, the more work appears to take its place. We imagine that if we just find the right system or the right schedule, we’ll finally get everything handled. But this fantasy is what keeps us trapped, because the truth is, there will never be a moment when everything is done. Life doesn’t work that way, and it’s high time that we stop deluding ourselves into thinking it does. The more we chase that impossible moment where we have nothing left to do, the more stressed and dissatisfied we become with our lives.

The Myth of “One Day, When I Have Time…”

A part of the chapter that really struck me was Burkeman’s point about how we often postpone the most meaningful stuff. We tell ourselves we’ll get to it eventually, once we finish all the “urgent” things like getting rid of our email pop-up notifications (that just keep coming no matter what!). We want to be able to focus all of our energy on the things that are most important to us, so we push them off because we claim we don’t have the time. Think about your own life. What’s something you keep postponing because you “don’t have time”? Starting a creative project? Calling someone you miss? Reading for fun? Just taking a walk without your phone?

Be honest: Do you really believe there will be a day in the future when you wake up and suddenly have unlimited time and energy? Or is that just something you tell yourself so you don’t have to face the uncomfortable truth? Burkeman suggests that we avoid these important tasks not because we don’t have time for them, but because they feel intimidating. We want to have the luxury of giving them our full attention, but because we rarely have that ideal time window, we just keep neglecting the things that are most important to us and push them into some imaginary future where our schedules are infinitely spacious and our minds are calm. But that future never materializes, because life doesn’t slow down just because we wish it would.

Convenience Culture and the Illusion of Saving Time

Another part of the chapter that interested me was Burkeman’s critique of convenience culture. Everything around us is designed to be effortless: online shopping, food delivery, high-speed internet. But Burkeman argues that easy doesn’t always mean better. Convenience strips away the parts of life that make our experiences more meaningful. Think about cooking a meal from scratch versus doordashing. One is much quicker (and when I’ve had a long day, this option is very tempting); all you have to do is get up to open the door and suddenly you have dinner. Cooking dinner requires you to gather and prepare the ingredients, have a recipe in mind, put a lot more effort into it than it would take to order takeout. Yet which one leaves you feeling more satisfied? There’s something deeply human about doing things the long way, the slow way, the inconvenient way. It forces us to show up and be present in the moment. It gives us stories and moments worth remembering. Convenience may save time, but it often costs us something harder to measure.

Making Peace With the Unfinished

My big takeaway from this chapter is that we need to stop believing that peace comes from finally getting on top of everything. That day will never come, and it’s time that we accept that. It doesn’t have to be a tragedy; that’s just life. Once we acknowledge that we have a finite amount of time on Earth and there’s no possible way we’ll ever to experience everything that we want to, there’s a certain peace that comes with that. We will always miss out on far more than we experience. Our inboxes will always refill, and our to-do lists will always grow. 

This may seem daunting, but if we accept this as an inevitable fact of life, we will finally be able to breathe. Burkeman’s solution isn’t to continue to work faster and smarter, but to work more deliberately. We need to stop getting caught up in the small, inconsequential things like emails and chase our passions, because that’s what really matters. We need to act with intention so that at the end of the day, we can feel a sense of pride that we prioritized and chose to do what was most important.

That’s the real escape from the efficiency trap: not squeezing more into your schedule, but choosing what’s worth putting in your schedule at all. Once you accept that you won’t get everything done, the pressure to do so melts away. You stop trying to live your life like it’s a race against a clock and give yourself permission to focus, rest, and be more present. Your time is precious, so why don’t you treat it that way?

So What Do We Do Now?

Burkeman doesn’t offer us any life hacks that magically solve everything. His message is simple: we only have so much time. Use it well by paying attention to the things that actually matter to you. 


Oliver sparks joy…

says Marie Kondo:

https://substack.com/@oliverburkeman/note/c-183371029?r=35ogp&utm_medium=ios

Sophie Duffy Final Report

Cosmic Insignificance Therapy - Burkeman Chapter 13 

    This chapter starts by talking about going through the motions. A lot of people reach a stage in their life where they feel burnt out, or like they are going through the motions. Burkeman argues, however, that this does not have to be a bad thing. It means that you recognize you can do better with your life and that you want something greater for yourself. You are not waiting for a feeling of fulfillment to arrive at some point in the future. 
    The feeling of burn out is something that I am working very hard to escape from. I graduate next semester, and DEFINITELY am feeling the senioritis. After getting my bachelors, though, I am getting my masters and plan to get my doctorate. Since I am planning on continuing my education for quite a while longer, burn out is not really an option. I definitely faced this feeling when I first started college. I got about a year in, and then just started to feel very overwhelmed and tired of school. I took a gap semester and it was the best thing I could have done! The time to reflect helped me realize I want to change my major and pursue psychology, and with that, I fell in love with the field of behavior analysis. To try and prevent burnout while continuing school, I think it is important to give myself grace. If I need to take a gap semester in between getting my masters and doctorate, I will do just that. While getting my degrees, I also need to be working towards getting my field hours. Some people are able to juggle getting all of their field hours while in school, but some people take a little while longer after they graduate to finish accruing their hours. I plan on being someone that takes a little while longer than the two years to get all of my hours. I still plan on working, but I am also wanting to prevent feelings of burnout by not overloading myself. 
    I have been very fortunate to have amazing bosses while working as an RBT. They always work with me on scheduling to ensure that I do not feel too overwhelmed, and if I ever need to cut back on hours, they are sure to help me figure it out. Moving forward, I will definitely look for bosses like this. Staying in this field is very important to me; however, it is not an easy one. It is tough to work with children with autism. To make sure I am able to be my best for them, I need to prioritize doing things I enjoy while continuing my education and working in the field. I have found that exercising and taking the dogs on walks has been very relaxing for me. I also always try to prioritize for friends and family. Just making the time to do things that make me happy and spend time with people that I love has helped a lot. A common theme throughout this course was the importance of relationships, and I could not agree more! 
Here is one of my dogs, Jax!!

The other two dogs: Princeton and Paisley!! 
My two best friends in the whole world 



    Another important theme of this chapter was Cosmic Insignificance Therapy. This section discusses how some people believe that we have a cosmically significant purpose in life and the universe is just waiting for us to uncover and fulfill that purpose. Even if this were the case, the world carries on no matter what we do in our individual lives. This doesn’t mean that our actions can’t affect someone else. Instead, it means that the world is going to keep spinning regardless. Yes, our actions can’t affect other people. But we really should focus more on how our actions affect ourselves. Coming to this realization can feel like putting down a heavy burden that a lot of people didn’t realize they were carrying. 
    Now, there is a fine line. When saying that “we should focus on how our actions affect ourselves,” I do not mean to fall into an egocentricity bias. This is feeling like the world revolves around you. We have to find the middle ground between caring for other people and being empathetic and choosing to live for ourselves. We should do what makes US happy and pursue things that make us feel fulfilled instead of trying to live a life by someone else’s definition of “fulfilled.”
    I think a good example of this balance is considering parental expectations. Yes, our parents probably set ground rules and expectations, but they also had to tow a fine line. They set an example for us to follow, but at the end of the day, we are still responsible for our own decisions. I know some parents who fully planned out their children's lives. They told their kids that they were going to be a doctor or a lawyer. The kid follows along because they trust that their parents want what is best for them, but by the time they finish med school, they realize they don’t even want to be a doctor. Another example could be parents who force their children to play sports. The kid might not even like the sport, but they do it because they are trying to fulfill outside expectations from their parents. This can lead to a very empty filling life. Instead, we need to do what makes us feel happy and fulfilled. 
    So yes, be a good person. Help others. Be empathetic towards your neighbor. But at the end of the day, we need to do what makes us happy. Do not try and fit into someone else’s definition of a 
“good life.” Only you are able to decide what truly makes you happy and feel like you lived a life worth living. It doesn’t matter if it isn’t a life that someone else would want to live, as long as it is a life that YOU are satisfied with living. 







Almost over...

 


Tuesday, December 2, 2025

 I have had the best time and I am sad it is almost over!!! Thanks for a great class~ classmates!!! I will miss it but cannot wait to graduate!!! You guys rock!!!

 Carol Edwards!!!!

Exam postponed, no class today

We will not meet for the exam today. 

The exam will be held on the designated exam date next week: Thursday, December 11 3:30 p.m.


Final report blog posts still due this Friday, Dec.5. 

If you have not yet requested and opened an AUTHOR invitation, send me an email request: phil.oliver@mtsu.edu.


Final report blog post, due Dec.5

If you've not yet requested and opened an AUTHOR invitation, send me an email request: phil.oliver@mtsu.edu. If you can't find the invitation, check your spam folder. If you still can't find it by Friday, send your post to me (including sources you intended to link and embed).

If you have received it, OPEN it before it expires.

The final report blog post should be a summary and elaboration of your final presentation (or your midterm presentation, if you prefer). Aim for about 1,000 words minimum. Include "bloggish" content (embedded links, in lieu of footnotes/bibliography; video, graphics). A blog post is not a formal paper, it's informal and conversational... so be yourself, have fun, make it fun to read.

Read your classmates' posts, and offer your constructive comments.



How to add links, embed videos etc. in final report posts (post early drafts at will, final draft due Dec.5)--
To insert links:
1. Highlight a word or phrase in your text
2. Click on the link icon
3. Paste the URL address of the site or passage you want to link to
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Videos: in Blogger, after clicking on "New Post"--
1. Copy the URL of the video you want to share.
2. Click on "More options" on the far right of the toolbar above, then Insert Video icon (3d from left)
3. Select YouTube
4. Select Search 5. Paste the URL & Select it
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To insert graphics, either just copy-&-paste... OR, click on the "insert image" icon (to the right of the link icon, to the left of the "insert video" icon) and select the appropriate option
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To embed Google Books pages:
1. Find the book you want to embed.
2. Select Preview
3. Select (click on) the page you want to embed.
4. Click More Actions (the three vertical dots in the upper right)
5. Select Embed (unless you just want to link the page)
6. Copy the code
7. In edit mode on blogger, select the pen icon in the upper left and click on HTML view
8. Paste the code
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Familiarize yourself with the edit icons in the drop-down menu (link, insert image, insert video, etc.) Always make sure, after you Publish, that the formatting is correct on the blogsite. If not, click More options (the three horizontal dots in the upper right) and then Clear Formatting on the far right (the T with a diagonal slash).

Bregman's 2d Reith lecture, today: "How to start a moral revolution"

Rutger Bregman gives the second of his 2025 BBC Reith Lectures called Moral Revolution. He argues that small groups of committed citizens can still change the world. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m002n0jf

This is the true joy in life; don't be a clod

        …being used for a purpose recognized by yourself as a mighty one. Being a force of nature instead of a feverish, selfish little clod of ailments and grievances, complaining that the world will not devote itself to making you happy. I am of the opinion that my life belongs to the whole community and as long as I live, it is my privilege to do for it what I can. I want to be thoroughly used up when I die, for the harder I work, the more I live. I rejoice in life for its own sake. Life is no brief candle to me. It is a sort of splendid torch which I have got hold of for the moment and I want to make it burn as brightly as possible before handing it on to future generations.
—George Bernard Shaw

Monday, December 1, 2025

John Green Doesn’t Want You to Lose the Magic of Your Teenage Self

…"We need to put down our armor of cynicism and irony and thinking that we know about everything that matters… We need to put that down sometimes and try to grapple with the beauty of the world as young people do: in an open, vulnerable way. For me, that's where the real magic is. It's cheesy as all get out, but I said earlier that when you're lying down with your friends under a big sky at night and you're looking at the stars and you're conscious of how large the universe is, that's a borderline sacred experience. If you lose that in adulthood, you've lost something really important."

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/22/magazine/john-green-interview.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share

Remember, in December

Remember when old December's darkness is everywhere about you, that the world is really in every minutest point as full of life as in the most joyous morning you ever lived through; that the sun is whanging down, and the waves dancing, and the gulls skimming down at the mouth of the Amazon, for instance, as freshly as in the first morning of creation; and the hour is just as fit as any hour that ever was for a new gospel of cheer to be preached. I am sure that one can, by merely thinking of these matters of fact, limit the power of one's evil moods over one's way of looking at the Kosmos.
—William James, age 26, to his S.A.D. friend Tom

https://substack.com/@philoliver/note/c-183010341?r=35ogp&utm_medium=ios

Thursday, November 27, 2025

Good question, Tyler

I'm a Professor. A.I. Has Changed My Classroom, but Not for the Worse.

At the end of a class in mid-September, as everyone was gathering their things, a student named Tyler approached me. "Can we talk sometime about how we can ask the questions on our own?" he said. "We always have you to ask the questions and set up how we're going to discuss and analyze, but I'd like to know how to do that for myself, for when we don't have someone else to do it for us."

Happy Thanksgiving

 Try to enjoy it. 

(And in case you happen to be secular and are called on to bless the feast, here are some Thanksgiving Non-Prayers...)

Burkeman on transforming the mundane

 Happy Thanksgiving!

Heard the start of this on the radio in the car, en route to a mundane walk in the Warner Park woods that became personally meaningful...
NSE Thanksgiving Special: Conversation and Gratitude
No Small Endeavor with Lee C. Camp

Happy Thanksgiving! How can one be grateful during difficult times? And how do we talk to one another in a polarized world? In this episode, we bring you four conversations to tee you up for a successful and meaningful time with family and friends. First, we hear from six-time Grammy-winner Amy Grant on her newfound gratitude in the wake of a traumatic bike accident. Then, Heather Holleman gives us all practical tips on having great bonding conversations that make people feel seen and heard, transcending the things that divide us. Third, community organizer and activist Diane Latiker shares how she opened up her home and changed the trajectory of a neighborhood through hospitality. Lastly, author Oliver Burkeman reveals the key to living in the moment and transforming the mundane into something meaningful. Altogether, it's the perfect toolkit for getting in the right frame of mind and heading into the holidays with gratitude and conversation.

Listen on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/no-small-endeavor-with-lee-c-camp/id1513178238?i=1000635785163

“Time isn’t yours… nothing to lose”

Actually, our relation to time is more intimate than possession. It's identity. You are it, it is you. But shouldn't we say, per Neil deGrasse Tyson, that we are space-time? Neither space nor time (nor us) exists in a vacuum. So we've got plenty to lose, and plenty to be thankful for. Have (be?) a happy Thanksgiving.

Wednesday, November 26, 2025

"Cosmic Joke"

Looking forward to learning more about the "cosmic joke," May.

The joke's closely related, I think, to what Burkeman calls "Cosmic Insignificance"...

...To be reminded of your cosmic insignificance therefore isn't just relaxing, but actively empowering. Because once you remember the stakes aren't anywhere near that high, you're free to take meaningful risks, to let unimportant things slide, and to let other people deal with how they might feel about your failing to live up to their expectations.

It's not that nothing matters from your perspective, obviously: it doesn't stop being important to feed a newborn baby, or keep up your rent payments, just because nobody in a million years will care whether you did so or not. What cosmic insignificance therapy™ does, though, is to recalibrate the yardstick with which you measure what's important from your perspective.

This results, if you're anything like me, in the realisation that 99% of what you worry about isn't worth the worry. The universe will trundle on its way regardless of what you do or don't do. So you might as well focus your time and attention on what you care about most deeply yourself – and let everything else join the infinite list of things that people have been fretting about since the dawn of humanity, but that never really mattered to begin with.

In other words: plenty matters. But we've only got so many weeks, so we've got to prioritize what matters most to us. That's not selfish, it's sane and sensible. It's inseparable from our happiness. 

Tuesday, November 25, 2025

Rutger Bregman's Reith Lectures

Our recommended author (Moral Ambition) is this year's distinguished Reith Lecturer in Britain. 

Lecture 1: A Time of Monsters

BBC Reith Lectures 2025 – Moral Revolution

This year's BBC Radio 4 Reith lecturer has been announced as historian and best-selling author Rutger Bregman.

Titled Moral Revolution, the lectures will delve into the current 'age of immorality', explore a growing trend for unseriousness among elites, and ask how we can follow history’s example and assemble small, committed groups to spark positive change.
The four lectures will span:
• A Time of Monsters
• How To Start a Moral Revolution
• A Realist’s Utopia
• Zoom Out



Bregman's 2025 Reith Lectures will reflect on moments in history, including the likes of the suffragette and abolitionist movements, which have sparked transformative moral revolutions, offering hope for a new wave of progressive change. Across four lectures, he will also consider the explosive technological progress of recent years - placing us at a moment of immense risk and possibility, and will look ahead to how we might shape the future.

Bregman is an author whose works include Humankind (2020) and Utopia for Realists (2017), which were both Sunday Times and New York Times best sellers,as well as Moral Ambition which was released earlier this year and was also a Sunday Times bestseller. His work has been translated into 46 languages and has sold over two million copies. During a discussion at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2019, he also attracted international attention for holding his billionaire fellow panellists to account for not paying their taxes.

The 2025 lectures will be recorded in front of live audiences in London, Liverpool, Edinburgh and the United States. They will be broadcast on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service later this year and will be available to listen to on BBC Sounds.

Rutger Bregman says, "I’m deeply honoured to give this year’s Reith Lectures. Across history, moments of decadence and decay have often been followed by movements of renewal, times when people redefined what it means to live with integrity and ambition. I believe we are at such a crossroads today. These lectures are my attempt to explore how moral ambition can help us face the challenges of our age."
...
==
UPDATE, Nov.26

Bregman criticises BBC for removing Trump line from Radio 4 lecture


...says he is "genuinely dismayed" after a comment about Donald Trump was removed from a lecture he delivered on BBC Radio 4.

Rutger Bregman, who is presenting this year's Reith Lectures, said he included the line in a section discussing US politics, but that it was removed prior to its broadcast.

The Dutch historian wrote on social media that the decision had come "from the highest levels within the BBC".

A BBC spokesperson said the corporation had "made the decision to remove one sentence from the lecture on legal advice". BBC News is not repeating the line in question on the same legal advice... (continues)

Sunday, November 23, 2025

How to Fix a Typewriter and Your Life

"…Lundy bought the business at the end of 2014. Soon, he quit his job and walked away from its stultifying steadiness, its salary and benefits. His colleagues were sure he had lost his mind. But Lundy knew he was trading security for meaning, predictability for possibility. "I was happy," he says simply…"

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/11/20/us/typewriter-repair-seattle-bremerton.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share

Pabst, Pamphlets and a Petition: A Harvard-Yale Tailgate in the Trump Era

Students and alumni set aside rivalries at the 141st Harvard-Yale football game on Saturday to summon support against attacks on higher education under the Trump administration.

..“Do you want to stand up for academic freedom and the First Amendment?” Ms. Schwartz asked a group of students, shouting above a cacophony of portable sound systems, each playing songs with different beats. “How would you feel about doing that?”
... https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/23/us/politics/yale-harvard-football-trump.html?smid=em-share

Friday, November 21, 2025

Any comment on this professor’s rant?

Students these days, according to a colleague at another state school, can't or won't read, write atrociously, are addicted to their phones, and can't sit still.

Happiness students are in a different category, of course. 😉 But some of this seems spot-on, I have to say. For instance:

"They can't sit in a seat for 50 minutes. Students routinely get up during a 50 minute class, sometimes just 15 minutes in, and leave the classroom. I'm supposed to believe that they suddenly, urgently need the toilet, but the reality is that they are going to look at their phones. They know I'll call them out on it in class, so instead they walk out. I've even told them to plan ahead and pee before class, like you tell a small child before a road trip, but it has no effect. They can't make it an hour without getting their phone fix."

Any comment, on this point in particular or on the essay as a whole?

https://open.substack.com/pub/hilariusbookbinder/p/the-average-college-student-today?r=35ogp&utm_medium=ios

Fwd: Chapter 14 Presentation — Basil Lozano

(Basil, & all-
Better prepare an old-school version, in case the computer is still non-cooperative.)

Here's a link to the Canva I'll be using during class:

Questions NOV 25

 Concluding 4,000 Weeks... See audio review link for Dec. 2 exam below... Final draft of final report blogpost due Dec.5.  Don't forget to add links etc.*

  1. Have you found Burkeman's message of life's finitude, brevity, and imperfectability helpful, in thinking about what it might mean to live a happy, purposeful, meaningful, good life? How would you summarize that message and its practical application to your life? 
  2. Looking back over all our texts (Happiness: A Very Short Introduction, Epicurus, The Good Life, Against Happiness, 4,000 Weeks) what total message do you take away from the course? And what other texts would you recommend we read next time this course is offered?
  3. What does it mean to "enter space and time completely"? 218 Have you? Will you?
  4. How would you answer any of Burkeman's Five Questions? 220-27
  5. What do you think of Jung's advice to Frau V.? 227-8
  6. Do you agree with Burkeman's definition of hope? 230 Does it sound to much like resignation? Or do you define hope as I do: modest confidence that our efforts to ameliorate the human condition may not be wholly futile? Or do you propose a different definition?
  7. Will you commit to Orwell's perspective? Do you resolve to enjoy your life, come what may? 234
  8. What's your answer to Cousin Mary's question at the end of The Summer Day
  9. Which of Burkeman's Ten Tools do you, or will you, use?v 235-45. Do you have any better ones?
==
*How to add links, embed videos etc. in final report posts (post early drafts at will, final draft due Dec.5)--

To insert links:
1. Highlight a word or phrase in your text
2. Click on the link icon
3. Paste the URL address of the site or passage you want to link to
==
Videos: in Blogger, after clicking on "New Post"--
1. Copy the URL of the video you want to share.
2. Click on "More options" on the far right of the toolbar above, then Insert Video icon (3d from left)
3. Select YouTube
4. Select Search 5. Paste the URL & Select it
==
To insert graphics, either just copy-&-paste... OR, click on the "insert image" icon (to the right of the link icon, to the left of the "insert video" icon) and select the appropriate option
==
To embed Google Books pages:
1. Find the book you want to embed.
2. Select Preview
3. Select (click on) the page you want to embed.
4. Click More Actions (the three vertical dots in the upper right)
5. Select Embed (unless you just want to link the page)
6. Copy the code
7. In edit mode on blogger, select the pen icon in the upper left and click on HTML view
8. Paste the code
==
Familiarize yourself with the edit icons in the drop-down menu (link, insert image, insert video, etc.) Always make sure, after you Publish, that the formatting is correct on the blogsite. If not, click More options (the three horizontal dots in the upper right) and then Clear Formatting on the far right (the T with a diagonal slash).


What’s gloriously possible: Burkeman’s meliorism

What Oliver Burkeman calls "hope," in his Afterword, I would call wishful or delusional thinking. Whatever you call it, he's right: give it up. Giving up delusions of personal infinitude, he concludes,

"kills the fear-driven, control-chasing, ego-dominated version of you—the one who cares intensely about what others think of you, about not disappointing anyone or stepping too far out of line, in case the people in charge find some way to punish you for it later… the "you" that remains is more alive than before. More ready for action, but also more joyful, because it turns out that when you're open enough to confront how things really are, you're open enough to let all the good things in more fully, too, on their own terms, instead of trying to use them to bolster your need to know that everything will turn out fine. You get to appreciate life in the droll spirit of George Orwell, on a stroll through a war-dazed London in early 1946, watching kestrels darting above the grim shadows of the gasworks, and tadpoles dancing in roadside streams, and later writing of the experience: "Spring is here, even in London N1, and they can't stop you enjoying it."

The average human lifespan is absurdly, terrifyingly, insultingly short. But that isn't a reason for unremitting despair, or for living in an anxiety-fueled panic about making the most of your limited time. It's a cause for relief. You get to give up on something that was always impossible—the quest to become the optimized, infinitely capable, emotionally invincible, fully independent person you're officially supposed to be. Then you get to roll up your sleeves and start work on what's gloriously possible instead."

— Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals by Oliver Burkeman

https://a.co/aV7pMQz 



“Hope is a precondition of what matters”

Kieran Setiya, like Oliver Burkeman, calls for "acknowledgment and close reading of the lives we have" as the prerequisite of genuine and not merely delusional hope--the sort of hope that, as Rebecca Solnit points out, needs to act and not just lazily wish for a winning lottery ticket. I highly recommend Setiya's Life is Hard: How Philosophy Can Help...

"…It is much easier to say why despair is bad than why hope is good. We despair when things are hopeless, but we remain attached to them. "The relationship is over; she is gone forever," cries the jilted lover. The terminal patient weeps: "There is no cure." What they feel is grief or something like it. The pain of passion for a possibility that has died...

Hope coexists with quiescence. If there's courage in hoping, it's the courage to face the fear of disappointment that hope creates. When things turn out badly, hope is more harrowing than despair.

So Hesiod has a point. Hope can be deceptive, docile, daunting. Why celebrate its role in life? In a book she wrote in the wake of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the writer and activist Rebecca Solnit rose to hope's defense: "Hope is not like a lottery ticket you can sit on the sofa and clutch, feeling lucky," she wrote. Instead,
hope should shove you out the door, because it will take everything you have to steer the future away from endless war, from the annihilation of the earth's treasures and the grinding down of the poor and marginal. Hope just means another world might be possible, not promised, not guaranteed. Hope calls for action; action is impossible without hope.

The problem is that hope can be like clutching a lottery ticket and it needn't shove you out the door: as I know too well, you can hope intently as you stretch out on the sofa watching the news. The call for action comes from somewhere else.
Solnit may be right that action is impossible without hope: you cannot strive for what you care about, when success is not assured, without hoping to succeed or at least make progress. This is where the myth of hope's value starts. Hope is a precondition of what matters: the pursuit of meaningful change…"
...
This is how we should approach life’s hardships, finding possibility where we can: the possibility of flourishing with disability or disease, of finding one’s way through loneliness, failure, grief. The question, then, is not whether to hope but what we should hope for. In the spirit of this book, the answer’s not an ideal life. What we need is acknowledgment and close reading of the lives we have… For who are we? Not just the living but humankind, and there is hope for humanity, and so for us… Other concepts we should leave behind: the concept of the best life as a guideline or a goal, of being happy as the human good, of self-interest divorced from the good of others… Human life is not inevitably absurd; there is room for hope.


“Life Is Hard” pushes back against many platitudes of contemporary American self-improvement culture. Setiya is no friend to positive thinking — at best, it requires self-deception, and at worst, such glass-half-full optimism can be cruel to those whose pain we refuse to recognize. He describes a situation many of us have experienced: We tell someone about an illness or a fight we had; they try to convince us not to worry so much, or to focus on the bright side. Worse still, they might tell us that “everything happens for a reason.” This grotesque bromide is, explains Setiya, “theodicy,” an attempt to justify suffering as part of God’s plan. The problem is not that it cannot be true — theologians can extend divine providence to anything, even childhood leukemia — but that such thinking can easily serve as an excuse to avoid compassion.

Another theory Setiya challenges is the idea that happiness should be life’s primary pursuit. Instead, he argues that we should try to live well within our limits, even if this sometimes means acknowledging difficult truths. Happiness is a matter of definition; Setiya cites Tal Ben-Shahar, the Harvard professor and psychologist who writes about not only happiness but also the importance of accepting reality. Plato, too, he reminds us, held that true happiness lies in recognizing the lies of ordinary life, famously imagined as a cave filled with shadows. If you really consider “happiness” in its everyday sense — a feeling of contentment and pleasure — its desirability is complicated; we can certainly be made to feel good by ignoring injustice, wars, climate change or the hardships of aging. But we cannot live meaningfully that way... 

And what does living well mean in practice? To Setiya, it lies in embracing one of the many possible “good-enough lives” instead of aching for a perfect one. Setiya’s liveliest writing is on the subject of infirmity, no doubt because of the chronic pain he has suffered for years...

The golden thread running through “Life Is Hard” is Setiya’s belief in the value of well-directed attention. Pain, as much as we wish to avoid it, forces us to remember that we are indelibly connected to our bodies. Ideally, it also helps us imagine what it is like to inhabit the bodies of others, imbuing us with “presumptive compassion for everyone else.” By cultivating our sensitivity to ourselves and to others, we escape another destructive modern myth: that we are separate from other people, and that we can live well without caring for them...

“Life Is Hard” is a humane consolation for challenging times. Reading it is like speaking with a thoughtful friend who never tells you to cheer up, but, by offering gentle companionship and a change of perspective, makes you feel better anyway. Irina Dumitrescu

Let’s get small

"We tend to believe that to be happier, we need to become bigger in our own mind, and in the minds of others," Arthur Brooks writes—but that isn't true. On the happiness in insignificance:

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/2025/11/happiness-confidence-grandness-humility/684988/?link_source=ta_thread_link&taid=691f9e4981d1f40001b52ab4&utm_campaign=the-atlantic&utm_content=edit-promo&utm_medium=social&utm_source=threads



Thursday, November 20, 2025

Get out

Everyone knows time in nature is good for your health, walking is good for your creativity, etcetera, but I also think there's something incredibly important about the sheer fact of being outside a lot in these apocalyptic-feeling, social-media-addled, AI-distorted, disinformation-saturated times. The sheer outsideness of outside (as opposed to beautiful landscapes or inspiring walks, great as they are). You know what I mean? This is the opening paragraph of John Stilgoe's 1998 book Outside Lies Magic:
… https://substack.com/@oliverburkeman/note/c-178571810?r=35ogp&utm_medium=ios

Oliver Burkeman


Exam 2 audio review

Revisit the relevant texts associated with the questions mentioned here... 

‘Human Narratives’

At This College, the English Dept. Is Out. 'Human Narratives' Is In.

At Montclair State University in New Jersey, a departmental restructuring plan is igniting concerns about the future of the humanities.

...The departments of English, classics, philosophy, world languages and Spanish and Latino studies, for example, will be grouped into the tentatively titled School of Human Narratives and Creative Expressions. The psychology, linguistics, social work and religion departments will make up the School of Human Behavior and Well-Being. (There will be four schools in all; faculty will help determine the final names.)

Thinking in Transit

I've returned Megan Craig's book to the library. It inspires movement. Highly recommended!

World Philosophy Day

 By celebrating World Philosophy Day each year, on the third Thursday of November, UNESCO underlines the enduring value of philosophy for the development of human thought, for each culture and for each individual.

Philosophy is an inspiring discipline as well as an everyday practice that can transform societies. By enabling to discover the diversity of the intellectual currents in the world, philosophy stimulates intercultural dialogue. By awakening minds to the exercise of thinking and the reasoned confrontation of opinions, philosophy helps to build a more tolerant, more respectful society. It thus helps to understand and respond to major contemporary challenges by creating the intellectual conditions for change...


Four Thousand Weeks - Jacob Rampey

            “I happen to be alive, and there’s no cosmic law entitling me to that status.” These words were expressed by the writer David Ca...